Muh great man theory

u wot?

You mean, like, with a giant robot that he built single-handedly? Or did he drink a potion that made him grow 100x his size? What a guy.

Their leadership was mediocre compared to previous generations.

Alexander inherited the greatest army in the world from his father, Philip II.
Also war was very different back then. Wars were decided in 1-2 battles.

Genghis Khan accomplished far more than Alexander and he came from nothing.
He is a better example to steelman the Great Man theory of history.

What does this even mean?

...

We abandoned a deterministic view of reality quite a while ago, user. Reality follows the laws of probability not logic.

Quantum physics didn't displace metaphysical determinism.

Not true; the Greek world had just unified in a single kingdom for the first time, after ages of squabbling among themselves. If you want a contemporary analogy, look at what happened to the balance of power in Europe when Germany became a single state in 1870. Persia was backwards in military science and technology, and once they faced a united Greece, they were already undone. Maybe a less bold Greek leadership would not have been as quick about it as Alexander, but the Eastern Mediterranean was always going to be Greek after the rise of Macedon.

There is literally no such thing as "free will" user.
Free will is the God of gaps of behavioral science.
Human beings are not subatomic particles.

And once in a while, a great man is what it takes to upset a delicate balance.