The Roots of Capitalism

When did capitalism appear and why?

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Around the early 1800 with the industrial revolution. It helped organize societal labor to a desired end, instead of just subsistence farming.

When the guild based production ended(or rather once the guilds lost their control over productive forces), during the early absolutism and dawn of industrial revolution.

with Maritime republics like Venice .

Please back your claims with explanation and/or evidence, this doesn't really help me make sense of things. :(

Mercantile capitalism can`t really be considered capitalism since it still relied on feudal(collectivist) economic systems(merchant guilds for example for collective protection of capital and to regulate business ).

Capitalist relations of production begun emerging in Europe during the 15th century as mercantilism and the trend of rural to urban migration took hold creating a class of urban wage workers supporting an emerging class of craftsmen and merchants who constituted the bourgeoisie which would increasingly seek political power while the old feudal nobility increasingly also derived their wealth from employing workers in capitalist enterprises rather than levying taxes off the peasants on their land.
Capitalism as the dominant mode of production however firmly took hold during the industrial revolution as a large industrial working class became employed in the factories of the cities which produced most of the economic growth. This was supported by bourgeois revolutions and trend towards constitutionalism and republicanism which entrenched the control of the bourgeoisie over the state and superstructure.

1) Increasing state power undermined the social relationships of feudalism which proved itself unfit to deal with an increasing population and growing urbanization. Finally, when colonialism appeared, measurements of power suddenly weren't depended on feudal relations anymore (e.g how many bannerman a king can summon) but on actual access to markets, economic power and raw materials.

2.) This led to rise of Merkantilism, a transitional period between feudalism and capitalism. Despite what leftcoms tell you, modes of production actually do have transitional periods, and they are also not completely deterministic. Leftcoms like to see history as some stale, mechanic apparatus when it is actually an interdependent, fluid mess - the same way that it wasn't guaranteed that the stalinist USSR would fall prey to revisionism and revert back to capitalism, it also wasn't guaranteed that Merkantilism would result in capitalism.

3.) Merkantilism is state owned enterprises with state enforced tariffs. This was leading to what Marx called commodity fetishism for the first time since the fall of the Roman Empire - law of value was applied to products which were still produced for use and not for exchange (!). Merkantilism "produced" capital for exchange (exploitation of noble metals in the colonies) but produced commodities for use. This is important to notice because in feudalism, commodities weren't fetishized, rather, your personal relations were the ones the mode of production orientated itself on.

4.) In England, due to some very specific social developments based on their isolation from continental Europe (and, to a lesser extent and also based on protestantism, in the Netherlands), nobles and merchants intermarried. This created a new class which would later become the bourgeoisie - this new class transcended the traditional estates of the realm and combined capital power and polticial power (primitive accumulation) which gave them the option to invest in private property and labor power. Through parliamentarianism, they also had access to state power to de-collectivize agricultural communes through force (Enclosure of Commons). The feudal personal relation was replaced by an abstract land lease and the lords became capitalists.

5.) Finally, for capitalism to become eventually inevitable, one must also look at the peasents liberation in most European countries. Peasents now were free to move arround and weren't eternally tied to the soil they were cultivating, and with demand in labor going up, a labor market and unemployment was created. Before the 1800s, unemployment was non-existent since the fall of Rome (and in Rome, most of the times there was actually a lack of available laborers). Most of the things liberals tell have always existed (unemployment for example) are a specific result of the capitalist mode of production.

They never fully abolished capitalism. The soviets were abolished in the USSR making it capitalist.

Didn't want to make an entire separate thread just for this.
But Intelligence Quotients are very strongly related with actual intelligence, and intelligence is very strongly related with being able to function in society. And certain people of certain similar ethnic heritages have the same general intelligence quotients.
How can a society function if the people within it don't possess higher functions in the brain necessary to do things that a complex society needs them to?

Where are the proofs

What the actual fuck you both

I know that his equation is completely ridiculous, but I'd still like to know when the USSR actually abolished soviets.

Fuck off back to Holla Forums

Lenin dissolved the workers councils and refused to hold new elections.

I don't really belong on Holla Forums either though, since I do believe that a capitalistic system doesn't allow for merit people to rise up the dominance hierarchy, since the ones that got there first entrench their power and ensure no one else can climb the ladder. As well as rewarding sociopathic and society harming behaviours. As well as believing that we should take care of our weak and poor, emphasis being on OUR, anyone in an outgroup can be helped once our own have been helped.

How are soviets not socialist ?

then fuck off wherever else, your retarded communautarist&racist rethoric only pollute the board

what the fuck does this even have to do with the subject at hand

filmsforaction.org/news/recovered-economic-history-everyone-but-an-idiot-knows-that-the-lower-classes-must-be-kept-poor-or-they-will-never-be-industrious/

what about mercantile capitalism

started in england with the enclosures.